The federal government of Pakistan has accelerated efforts to regulate over-the-top (OTT) services as part of its initiative to enhance the “Great Firewall of Pakistan.” The Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) has completed consultations with all stakeholders regarding this regulatory framework. Once approved by the authority, the framework will be presented to the federal cabinet for final approval.
Under the new framework, platforms such as WhatsApp, Skype, Facebook Messenger, IMO, and Viber will be required to obtain licenses and authorization. In addition, Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, online gaming, and e-commerce will also be regulated. Digital media services will be jointly regulated by PTA and PEMRA.
OTT services will be categorized into three main segments:
- Communication Services: This category includes platforms like WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, IMO, Skype, and Viber. These services will need to be licensed and registered.
- Application Services: This includes platforms like Facebook, X, e-services, e-commerce, gaming, and LinkedIn.
- Media Services: Further divided into two subcategories:
- Non-Broadcasting Services: Platforms like YouTube, Netflix, Spotify, and Video on Demand (VOD).
- Broadcasting Services: Social media forums of channels operating in Pakistan.
The regulatory framework will be formulated under the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (PECA) 2016, PEMRA Ordinance 2002, and PTA Act 1996. Internet-connected and OTT application services will fall within PTA’s jurisdiction.
All stakeholders and companies must comply with local laws under this framework. Internet communication services will be required to obtain OTT authorization or a license from PTA. The license duration will be 15 years, and platforms will have 12 months to secure registration or a license from the authority.
The framework mandates data security, privacy, and adherence to local laws. Platforms must provide content to relevant agencies or officials in case of disputes. Companies will be required to store their data domestically, and in emergency situations, license holders must provide location and general information.
OTT application services will adhere to PECA laws instead of obtaining licenses or authorizations. Media services will also follow PECA and other legal requirements rather than obtaining licenses.
The Over-the-Top Regulatory Framework is expected to support Pakistan’s “Great Firewall” system and enhance control over digital content and communication within the country.